Відтворення полезахисних лісосмуг, пошкоджених унаслідок військових дій, у зоні Лісостепу України

In order to restore field protective forest belts damaged (destroyed) by military activities the field in the Foreststeppe zone of Ukraine, it is necessary to apply a set of measures, which should take into account both the consequences of mechanical, physical and chemical contamination of the soil, as well as partial damage or complete destruction of stands. Postwar restoration of field protective forest belts involves the use of an unconventional set of measures, which include engineering and forestry measures. In connection with the contamination of areas of field protective forest belts with various dangerous chemical substances, it is necessary to consider the issue of land reclamation. Phytoremediation is a promising approach to cleaning contaminated soils, the main advantages of which are high efficiency and relatively low cost. Prospective tree and herbaceous species that can be effective in phytoextraction of heavy metals from the soil of contaminated areas of field protective belts are considered. The need for reconstructive felling in field protective forest belts that have suffered damage, are dying, ineffective and lose their protective functions, is considered. Attention is focused on the possibility of using the natural regeneration of tree and shrub species for the restoration of forest belts. The directions of restoration of field protective forest belts according to the traditional approach, based on many years of experience in forest reclamation, are highlighted. Alternative directions of restoration are proposed, which involve the formation of 6–8 rows of multifunctional stands, which, in addition to forest melioration functions, can be used in beekeeping, as a source of biomass for energy needs, and recreational activities. The specified approach with maximum involvement in the work of local enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as the population of communities on a public basis will ensure the restoration of functional and effective field protection forest belts in a short period of time. An important component of the restoration of field protective forest belts is the formation of biocenosis structure elements which are especially important for their effective and full functioning, in particular, shrub and grass layers and the main components of the soil mesofauna and bird fauna. Restoration of field protective forest belts will contribute to the ecological stabilization of agrolandscapes in the Foreststeppe zone of Ukraine, disturbed as a result of military activities.