АНАТОМІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЧОЛОВІЧОЇ ПРОМЕЖИНИ В ПЛОДОВОМУ ПЕРІОДІ ОНТОГЕНЕЗУ

The perineum is an area located between the muscular structures of the gluteal and femoral regions. Thus, the perineum externally resembles the shape of a rhombus and has the following borders: in front it is surrounded by the  pubic symphysis, branches of the pubic and sciatic bones; behind – by the lower edges of the gluteus maximus muscles, the coccyx and the sacrotuberous ligament. On the sides – by the sciatic tubercles of the sciatic bones. The conditional line, which passes between the two gluteal tubercles and lies on the tendon center of the perineum, divides the rhomboid section of the perineum into two triangles: the anterior urogenital and posterior excretory triangles. Purpose: to determine the features of the morphogenesis of the muscular-fascial elements of the male perineum, the projection-syntopic and topographic-anatomical relationships of its structures during the fetal period of human development. Material and methods. 30 preparations of fetuses aged from 14 to 37 weeks of intrauterine development (IUD) (86.0-358.0 mm. parieto-coccygeal length) (TCL) were used. For a comprehensive study of the muscles of the superficial and deep group, fascial structures and spaces of the perineum, a series of sagittal sections of the perineum section along the midline were performed. Results of our own research. One of the most important questions that scientists face when examining the deep perineum is whether the upper fascia of the urogenital diaphragm exists as a separate, discrete fascial structure, or whether it arises indirectly through the fusion of connective tissue sheets of neighboring structures. Thus, we have found that the upper fascia of the urogenital diaphragm is not a discrete, separate fascial unit, but is partially formed by part of the connective tissue fibers of the prostate capsule and is a continuation of the lower fascia of the pelvic diaphragm, which covers the levator ani muscle from below. Conclusions. 1. we found that the muscle fibers of the posterior part of the bulbospongiosus muscle are intertwined with the fibers of the perineal body, and the anterior part, covering the bulb of the penis, passes into the area of the cavernous bodies and intertwines with the fibers of the gluteal-cavernous muscles. 2. Additional attachments of the erectile elements and muscle fibers of the bulbospongiosus muscle to the perineal membrane were found. 3. It was noted that in addition to its own circular fibers, the external urethral sphincter muscle receives additional fibers from the deep transverse muscle of the perineum. 4. The upper fascia of the urogenital diaphragm is partially created at the expense of part of the connective tissue fibers of the prostate capsule and is a continuation of the lower fascia of the pelvic diaphragm.