Simulación en Matlab de la Difracción de Fresnel

Diffraction is a physical phenomenon that occurs when a beam of monochromatic light incident on an aperture, or an obstacle, of arbitrary shape and size deviates from its rectilinear path towards discrete directions, producing a diffraction pattern on a screen. If the distance between the aperture and the screen is small, the diffraction is near-field or Fresnel; If the distance is considerable, it is called far-field or Fraunhofer diffraction. The integral corresponding to each case is solved to know the shape of the diffraction patterns. This work presents an algorithm to indirectly solve the Fresnel diffraction integral using the Fourier transform and its properties and the convolution of functions. The functions necessary to solve the diffraction integral are the transmittance function that defines the shape of the aperture or obstacle that diffracts the light and the impulse response function that characterizes the free propagation of light. Furthermore, this work presents the results obtained with the developed code.