Resistencia a la insulina y enfermedad de Alzheimer: Conexión comórbida en el deterioro cognitivo

Alzheimer's is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects memory and cognitive abilities. A key factor linking metabolic diseases to Alzheimer's disease is insulin resistance. The aim of this study is to understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this relationship and its impact on cognitive impairment in the gerontological clinical setting. A narrative analysis was performed using Spanish and English sources obtained from PubMed, Science Direct and Scielo, with the “chain search” strategy. Of the 93 studies initially identified, 39 met the inclusion criteria, demonstrating a strong correlation between insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease. The studies indicate that people with Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment show elevated levels of oxidative stress, tau and beta-amyloid proteins, common features in individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorders. Insulin resistance affects brain metabolism and favors the accumulation of harmful proteins, being a crucial factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease. This finding on the connection between insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease opens new possibilities for early detection and treatment of cognitive decline, offering an innovative approach in gerontological clinical practice.