Quasi-Elliptical Channel Characteristics of Reflective Communication for Non-Cooperative Low Earth Orbit Satellite

The 6G mobile communication system is intended to realize the space-air-ground integration and ubiquitous service in the whole area. With the escalation in the density of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite deployments and the adoption of large-sized antenna panels, LEO satellite reflective communication is emerging with considerable potential for 6G long-distance communication on high-altitude platforms. However, there are still many gaps in the research field of LEO satellite reflective communication, especially the complexity of its complete channel modeling. In view of this, this paper focused on the large-scale fading characteristics and Doppler frequency shift effects of the LEO satellite reflective cascaded channel based on the ephemeris model, and explored the effects of satellite altitude, signal frequency, and transceiver separation on the fading and frequency shift. Simulations revealed that the Doppler shifts originating from both the incident and outgoing links could partially offset each other, and the offset effect of the frequency shifts was more significant when the transceiver lines were located roughly in the satellite orbital plane.