Reduction of Inpatient Falls in the Treatment of Patients with Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD)

Aim: To identify if utilization of non-pharmacological interventions versus pharmacological interventions can promote the reduction of falls and potential injuries in patients with BPSD on an inpatient geriatric psychiatric unit, ultimately improving patient-centered treatment courses, outcomes, and improved QOL. Background: Falls in the elderly population have a significant impact on the patient and the health care system. Even though health care organizations have been dedicated to developing and implementing strategies to reduce and prevent patient falls, they remain unequivocally the leading cause of adverse events that occur during an acute hospitalization, causing significant injury, disability, morbidity, mortality, and financial burden to the elderly patient, family, community, and the entire health care system. Design: The project design was a quasi-experimental approach, which was the best model for producing strong causal evidence in a condensed timeframe. Methods: A systematic approach utilizing the Iowa Model for Evidence Based Practice Revised was the methodological framework used for this study. This project was conducted at a New England geriatric psychiatric hospital with a 50-bed capacity. The project sample consisted of 49 patients that met the inclusion criteria. A six-week protocol of providing nonpharmacological interventions daily was implemented. Results: The project results indicated no statistically significant difference between the pre and post intervention on most measurable outcomes. However, there was a clinical difference between the pre and post intervention Fall Rate data. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological interventions continue to promote positive patient outcomes when used consistently and effectively based on patient-centered holistic care. Implications for Practice: There is a need for nursing leaders to translate innovative EBP research into clinical practice, policies, and procedures in all healthcare settings. Continue to educate nurses at all levels and in all healthcare, regarding EBP and how to implement, assess, and contribute to nursing practice.