O século do café. O cultivo da Coffea arabica e as consequentes transformações da paisagem brasileira oitocentista nas obras do acervo digital da Biblioteca Brasiliana Guita e José Mindlin da Universidade de São Paulo

This article addresses the planting of Coffea arabica in Brazil and the resulting transformations in the Brazilian landscape throughout the 19th century. According to sources consulted in the digital collection of the Biblioteca Brasiliana Guita and José Mindlin at the University of São Paulo, these transformations took place, particularly, in the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. These changes in the landscape refer mainly to the devastation of forest areas and the implementation of a new rail transport system to ensure the movement of production. The resulting transformations impacted on the countryside, cities and society's way of life. The objective of this article is to analyze the transformations resulting from the planting of coffee throughout the national territory, and its implications for the urban area and social repercussions. Thus, issues such as the diffusion of coffee in Brazil, the devastation of forests to create farms, changes in urban architecture, and the replacement of enslaved labor by European immigrants in farming and their reverberation in society are some of the main aspects covered throughout the text.