Micro-Mobility Security: A Holistic Approach via Mobile App Analysis

The growth of urbanization and technology has reshaped transportation, bringing about shared micro-mobility services like e-scooters and e-bikes as sustainable solutions for short urban trips, mitigating traffic and pollution issues. However, the rapid expansion of this market has outpaced the development of standardized security measures. Our research aims to analyze theoretically and empirically the security landscape of shared micro-mobility services, focusing on client components. We present a reference architecture and a detailed threat model to identify and address the most pressing security challenges. Additionally, we design a set of experiments to evaluate existing services and assess their security implementations. Finally, we propose guidelines and best practices to enhance the security of shared micro-mobility services, highlighting the need for a standardized security approach and offering a foundation for future research.