Modélisation de l'impact sur le système électrique de la décarbonation de l'industrie

Industrial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions contribute significantly to global warming, making decarbonisation crucial for climate change mitigation. However, transitioning to a low-carbon industry is complex due to uncertainties around energy prices, resource availability, and technological maturity. Electrification of industrial processes is key to reducing emissions but will drive up electricity demand, necessitating grid adaptation and continued decarbonisation. Sectors like steelmaking and chemicals need specific technologies, such as carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS), and decarbonised hy-drogen. Synergies between industry and energy systems are essential to achieving net-zero emissions in Europe. However, increased electricity and hydrogen demand could raise overall energy consumption and prices. Cross-border hydrogen trade may alleviate these disparities. Successful industrial decarbonisation will require coherent industrial and energy policies to avoid regional imbalances and ensure competitiveness. Robust European policies and strategies are crucial for a successful transition.