A invasão da Ucrânia como fundamento de uma nova Cortina de Ferro na Europa

In 1954, the French National Assembly refused to deepen the European project, voting mainly against the European Political Community and the European Defense Community. The crisis that has arisen from such a refusal constituted a first setback in the European integration project, putting on hold the federalist plan that the two world wars of the 20th century had shown to be as necessary as urgent. The end of the Cold War, the dismemberment of the East and the subsequent expansion to this geographical area of the borders of the European Union, weakened the integrationist purpose, leading even to question, in certain circles, the need to maintain international organizations whose scope went beyond a purely commercial aim. In 2022, however, the invasion of Ukraine by Russia seems to have resurrected ghosts of the past and, at the same time, provoked a profound inflection in this area.