Implementering av strategier för cirkulär ekonomi i små och medelstora företag : En flerfallsstudie av drivkrafter/möjliggörare och barriärer

Circular economy (CE) is viewed as a promising pathway to achieving sustainability. The shift from a linear to a circular system is gaining traction among scholars, policymakers, and companies. Many consider the adoption of business practices that align with circular principles as essential for this transition. Despite the significant role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the overall economy, there is limited research on their engagement in the CE. This thesis addresses this gap by examining the drivers/enablers and barriers influencing the implementation of CE strategies within SMEs. A conceptual framework is built based on existing literature as well as the 9R framework and innovation process models. Through a multiple case study of nine SMEs, 17 distinct factors are identified. These are grouped into five subject categories and span the entire CE implementation process – from idea generation to full-scale implementation. Among the key drivers/enablers are financial viability and firm commitment. In terms of barriers, technical challenges are the most common. These challenges stem more from concerns about practical feasibility rather than the adoption of new technologies. Notably, many factors – such as circular material potential, market demand or firm commitment – can simultaneously act as both drivers/enablers and barriers within the same case, reflecting the complex nature of CE adoption. The thesis concludes by emphasizing the need for a nuanced and context-specific understanding of CE drivers/enablers and barriers, highlighting the dynamic interplay between positive and negative influences.