HIP PM compound capsule - Material Characterization with focus on the interface : Master's thesis in mechanical- material engineering

This study investigates the feasibility of bonding Vanadis 8 SuperClean as a powder metal (PM) and conventional manufactured Orvar 2 Microdized tool steels using Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) to produce hybrid tool steel components. The research aims to evaluate the mechanical, structural and chemical stability of the interface between the two materials. Vanadis 8, known for high hardness and excellent wear resistance, and Orvar 2M, known for toughness and hot work properties, were combined into capsule assemblies and subjected to 1140℃ and 150 MPa. Analytical techniques including Vickers microhardness testing, scratch testing with a diamond spherical indenter, SEM and XRD were employed to evaluate interfacial strength, residual stress, microstructural diffusion and phase transformation. Results showed successful metallurgical bonding with no interfacial cracking, supported by mechanical and structural continuity across the joint. Diffusion of carbon from Vanadis 8 into Orvar 2M was confirmed, leading to local formation of vanadium carbides. The findings suggest strong potential for using HIP to produce functionally graded materials where high performance properties can be localized to critical regions, supporting more resource efficient and application specific tooling solutions.