Eosinophilic Granulomatous Polyangiitis with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Mengrong Xie,1,2 Ruiqin Ni,2,3,* Jingying Zhang,2,3,* Mingmei Zhong,2 Ping Wang4 1Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 3Graduate School, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mingmei Zhong, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 390 huaihe Road, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13956051297, Email [email protected]: EGPA can affect multiple organ systems, typically presenting with respiratory symptoms as the initial manifestation. The absence of specific diagnostic biomarkers makes it prone to misdiagnosis. This article describes a 40-year-old female patient who presented with asthma-like symptoms, neurosensory impairment, anemia, peripheral blood eosinophilia, and pulmonary involvement. The patient was diagnosed with EGPA combined with AIHA. After ineffective treatment with glucocorticoids alone, the patients’ symptoms were relieved by the addition of the immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide. Cyclophosphamide was discontinued after the total dose reached 7g and the patient relapsed. Subsequent treatment for the patients involved a combination of glucocorticoids and MMF, with no evidence of recurrence. This case is relatively rare in clinical practice, and fortunately the final treatment effect is satisfactory.Keywords: asthma, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, recurrence