Effect of Training Maternal-fetal Attachment Behaviors Based on Iranian-Islamic Culture on the Anxiety in Pregnant Women

Background and Objectives: The emotional relationship between a mother and her fetus is considered one of the stages of the mother’s adaptation to facing pregnancy anxiety. It seems that maternal-fetal attachment behaviors are different in various cultures and religions. This study aimed to examine the effect of training maternal-fetal attachment behaviors based on Iranian-Islamic culture on anxiety in pregnant women referred to health centers in Qom City, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental research included 84 singleton primigravida pregnant mothers aged 30 to 34 years who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and Cranley’s maternal-fetal attachment scale (MFAS) were administered at both pre- and post-intervention weeks in both groups. In addition to the usual care, the experimental group received training on maternal-fetal attachment behaviors based on Iranian-Islamic culture in eight 30-minute sessions over four weeks. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 26 using the independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups’ average anxiety scores before the intervention (P=0.67). After the intervention, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups’ mean anxiety scores (P=0.002). Conclusion: Training in maternal-fetal attachment behaviors based on Islamic-Iranian culture reduced the anxiety of pregnant mothers. This training serves as a foundation for strengthening trust and hope in God, leading to a calmer mental and spiritual state for the mother. Healthcare providers are encouraged to recommend these training sessions.