Digitala tvillingar i byggbranschen: En fallstudie om standarder och IoT för datautbyte

In recent years, digital twins have gained increasing importance withing the construction industry as a tool to enhance the management of buildings throughout their entire lifecycle. However, the lack of standardized frameworks and structured data handling remains a major challenge for broader adoption. This master’s thesis aims to investigate the possibilities of linking standards to digital twins and to identify technical solutions that can be applied by various industry stakeholders to improve efficiency, reduce costs and enable consistent and scalable implementation. Additionally, the potential of using IoT to further strengthen the functionality and value of digital twins is explored. The study was conducted in collaboration with the company MOD and began with a literature review focusing on digital twins, standards, IoT and data management. To examine practical applications, a case study was developed in which a small-scale digital twin was created and connected to a sensor solution. The initial digitalization and testing were carried out at Linköping University, followed by data collection at a construction project in Stockholm. The analysis, based on the collected data aimed to answer research questions related to the integration of standards and the technical prerequisites for implementation. The results show that it is technically feasible to connect standards to digital twins to establish a coherent data flow throughout the building lifecycle. By leveraging IoT solutions and existing standards, a structured and interoperable digital information management system can be achieved. The case study demonstrates that even a small-scale digital twin can serve as a prototype and provide valuable insights for future large-scale implementations. However, the study also highlights that the work was limited to a pre-designed building without built-in senor infrastructure, meaning that the findings are primarily applicable to contexts where digitalization is retrofitted rather than integrated from the design phase.