Колабораціонізм в умовах воєнного стану в Україні: окремі проблеми та шляхи їх подолання

The article characterizes collaborationism as a phenomenon of voluntary and ideological cooperation in various spheres of public life, which has the consequence of undermining the national security of Ukraine, creates a threat to territorial integrity and sovereignty, as well as the foundations of the constitutional order. The author notes that collaborationism in the modern conditions of a full-scale war with Russia has the following forms: political collaborationism, administrative, military, ideological. It was determined that the modern phenomenon of collaborationism meaningfully covers cooperation with the aggressor state and is a special form of treason, since such activity harms the state sovereignty, constitutional order, territorial integrity and defense capability, information and economic security of Ukraine. It is noted that the reasons for collaborative activity are ideological pressure, socio-economic motives and the influence of Russian propaganda. The article describes collaborative activity, which can take various forms, depending on its motivations, circumstances, and goals. The following main forms of collaboration are distinguished: political collaborationism, administrative collaborationism, military collaborationism, economic collaborationism, and ideological collaborationism. A number of directions for countering collaborationism have been identified: development of rehabilitation and reintegration programs for persons who were forced to cooperate with the occupation authorities; improvement of legislation in the field of sanctions for collaborative activity (it is necessary to ensure publicity and transparency of the punishment system); involvement of international experts to create effective mechanisms for combating collaboration. Comparative, historical and statistical methods are used to prove the need to criminalize collaborative activities. It has been established that Ukraine’s state policy of countering collaborationism significantly intensified with the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war. In particular, the main measures are aimed at the criminalization of collaborationism, sanctioning measures, reintegration and informational struggle. The causes and factors of collaborationism are analyzed, in particular: ideological pressure, socio­economic motives and the influence of Russian propaganda. It is established that the political, social and economic consequences of collaborationism negatively affect the stability and sovereignty of Ukraine, causing a split in society and weakening state power in the occupied territories.