Роль державного фінансування у правовому забезпеченні зеленої економіки

This research paper examines the legal aspects of financing and implementation of the green economy concept, which is a key element of sustainable development. The authors analyse the impact of traditional production practices, such as the use of tetraethyl lead and chlorofluorocarbons, on the environment and human health, emphasising the urgency of transition to environmentally sustainable production models. The green economy is presented as a mechanism for reducing environmental risks based on the principles of efficient use of resources, innovation and social inclusiveness. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of international and national financial instruments that promote sustainable development. The paper highlights such instruments as green loans, investment funds, sustainability bonds, and impact investing, which combines the achievement of social and environmental goals with financial benefits. The author examines the functioning of financing mechanisms in Ukraine, including the legislative framework that regulates environmental policy and stimulates the development of energy transformation.Analysing the experience of implementing green initiatives in Ukraine and abroad, the author outlines the potential and challenges associated with the integration of environmental standards into the financial system. The paper provides an overview of legislative changes that promote sustainable development, in particular in the context of banking and public financing. The study identifies important prerequisites for the implementation of sustainable development in Ukraine, such as significant agricultural potential, renewable energy resources, and challenges posed by declining fossil fuel reserves. An important aspect is the emphasis on investments in natural capital, development of renewable energy sources, environmentally friendly production and improved resource management. The paper also focuses on promising instruments, such as green bonds, which are already gaining popularity in the world and have the potential for development in Ukraine. The author describes their types and functional significance in the context of financing environmental and social projects. In particular, the author emphasises the need to develop eco-banking in Ukraine to support environmental initiatives through reduced lending rates and specialised investment platforms.