Моніторинг прояву кліматичних змін у Черемському природному заповіднику та адаптація до них водних екосистем

Today, the problems of climate change are felt in all regions of the world, including Ukraine. Climatic changes can be both global and regional in nature. Different regions of the country can have different climate changes, from pronounced and rapid changes to less intense changes. The article highlights the main manifestations of regional climate changes in the modern period against the background of global climate change processes. Thus, the amount of atmospheric precipitation for the territory of Cheremskе nature reserve in Volyn region. during 20214–2023 changed insignificantly, but the nature and intensity of their precipitation changed noticeably. The data of longterm observations show that the amount of precipitation undergoes certain fluctuations without a pronounced trend of growth or decrease. In general, climate problems are a factor that determines the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. In recent years, Ukraine has fully felt the consequences of a change in the hydrological regime of rivers — both the number of natural disasters and the costs of eliminating their consequences have increased. Modeling of water ecosystems is the basis for solving many practical tasks related to increasing the productivity of reservoirs, improving their water quality, and implementing water protection measures in catchment areas. Pro­jections of changes in climatic characteristics and extreme weather conditions in Volyn region in 2021– 2100 relative to the current climate period were made and the significance and probability of expected changes were assessed. According to the simulation results, the temperature will continue to rise in the future and the amount of precipitation will change throughout the year. An increase in temperature and a change in the humidification regime will lead to a change in the water flow of the rivers of Ukraine and, accordingly, in the water supply of certain regions. Therefore, adaptation to climate change is not only a social, but also an economic necessity. An important mechanism of adaptation in the conditions of climate change is the provision of observations for modern monitoring and forecasting of hydrometeorological processes. The prospect of further research in this direction consists in a more detailed study of the regional manifestation of climate change in the Volyn region, in particular in Cheremske nature reserve and, first of all, in the disclosure of their features on the territory of the region, the study of the mechanisms that cause the detection of climate changes and the study of changes in atmospheric processes in this the region