Оцінка якості атмосферного повітря сільських селітебних територій за впливу свинарських господарств

Livestock waste is a source of emissions of ammonia, methane and other gases into the air. When stored in open lagoons or applied to fields in large quantities, the local population living near industrial farms suffers from an unpleasant specific smell. Modern boundaries of sanitary protection zones are usually insufficient to prevent the spread of unpleasant odors, which cause a decrease in wellbeing, immunity, allergic reactions, and respiratory diseases. The article highlights the state of the subsector of pig farming in Ukraine, since 1990, its gradual development and the impact of the «National Taste» pig farm on the atmospheric air (ammonia and hydrogen sulfide content) of the settlement zone of Lytviaky settlement of Lubny District, Poltava Region. It has been established that the existing dimensions (300–400 m) of the sanitary protection zone of the pig farm have a negative effect on the content of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the air of the settlement zone, the spread of unpleasant odors in the air, and do not meet the sanitary norms of planning and development of settlements, according to which the sanitary zone must be at least 1500 m to the settlement if there are 14000 pigs per year. It was also found that with the increase in the number of pigs during 2015–2018, the ammonia content in the air of the residential area also increased, exceeding the average daily MPC by 2.5 and 8 times, and hydrogen sulfide by 1.13–2.75 times with a maximum single dose of 0.008 mg/m3. In order to reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment, and better yet, to avoid environmental problems arising in the area of influence of pig farms, especially large industrial ones, it is necessary to carry out environmental monitoring and constant control by regulatory bodies regarding compliance with the norms of technological design and the fulfillment of requirements regarding waste management.