The influence of auxin of bacterial origin on the seed quality parameters of some field crops

The effect of four concentrations of auxin of bacterial origin (0 - control without auxin, 0.1, 5, and 50 μg ml-1) on germination and early seedling growth in five field crops was investigated. The genetic materials for this study included the maize hybrid 'ZP 684', the wheat variety ‘Evropa 90’, the soybean variety 'Galina', the field pea variety 'Kosmaj', and the sunflower hybrid 'NS Oskar'. Energy germination and germination were recorded according to ISTA rules. After 10 days, root length, shoot length, and seed vigor were determined. Energy germination did not depend on auxin, but germination did, except for maize. Wheat, soybean, and field pea had significantly higher germination at 5 and 50 μg ml-1 auxin and sunflower at 50 μg ml-1 auxin compared to the control. The results showed that the auxin of bacterial origin promoted early seedling growth in all crops compared to the control. Compared to the control, 0.1 and 5 μg ml-1 auxin increased root length in maize, 0.1, 5, and 50 μg ml-1 in wheat and sunflower, 5 and 50 μg ml-1 in soybean, and 50 μg ml-1 in field pea. Compared to the control, the auxin treatments increased shoot length in the crops studied, except for field pea, where the 50 μg ml-1 auxin did not contribute to the increase in this trait. Compared to the control, all treatments with auxin increased seed vigor in maize, soybean, field pea and sunflower, while this was observed in wheat when treated with 5 μg ml-1 auxin. Auxin-treated seeds are therefore expected to have the advantage of surviving under unfavorable environmental conditions caused by abiotic and biotic stress. Auxin-treated seedlings were more vigorous and better developed.