FARKLI ÖZELLİKTE KAPLAMALI KUMAŞ İÇEREN SANDVİÇ KOMPOZİT YAPILARIN TERMAL VE AKUSTİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

In motor vehicles such as buses, trucks, trailers, and passenger cars, composite materials are utilized to enhance driving comfort by providing thermal and acoustic insulation within the cabin. In this study, multi-layered structures were produced using a combination of coated felt and phenolic felt for the top and bottom layers, and single or double-layered configurations of coated fabrics, such as aluminum foil-coated fiberglass fabric, silicone-coated fiberglass fabric, and vermiculite-coated silica fabric, for the intermediate layers. The structures were fabricated in flat molds under conditions of 185°C temperature, 170 bar pressure, and 120 seconds duration. The sound absorption coefficients of these structures were measured using an alpha cabin test device, and their thermal conductivity coefficients were determined using a thermal conductivity measurement device. The acoustic performance tests revealed that the K3 composite, consisting of phenolic felt, vermiculite-coated silica fabric, and phenolic felt sandwiched between two coated felts, was most effective at absorbing noise from the engine compartment. Evaluation of the thermal conductivity coefficients ranked the thermal insulation performance of the sandwich panels as follows: K1> K2> K3> K6> K4> K5. Based on the obtained data, it was determined that the K3 sample provides an optimal balance of acoustic and thermal insulation performance, making it the most suitable sandwich composite structure for these applications.