A cross sectional study on prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an important health problem with increasing incidence nowadays. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and its prevalence in diabetes and risk factors associated with it were analysed in this study. Aims and Objectives: The study aims to find the association of ASB with patient age, duration of diabetes, glucosuria, and plasma glucose levels. Materials and Methods: It were an observational cross-sectional study conducted in Shifaa hospital, among 150 type 2 DM patients over a period of 12 months. The investigations done were RBS, HbA1c, urine routine and urine culture. Data were entered into Microsoft excel sheet and was analysed. Results: The prevalence of ASB among type 2 DM was found to be 23.3%. The most common organism isolated in this study was Escherichia coli (62.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis (11.4%). Association of ASB with female sex, duration of diabetes, bacteriuria, pyuria and glucosuria found to have significant association among Diabetics. Where as poor glycemic control, age, proteinuria, BMI does not found to have any significant association with ASB in diabetics. Conclusions: Overall prevalence of ASB among diabetics was around 23.3%. Females have an increased likelihood of developing ASB as compared to males. E.coli was the most common pathogen isolated in ASB cases. Longer duration of diabetes was an important risk factor for the development of ASB. The risk of ASB is also significantly increased in those with glucosuria.