Assessment of biomedical waste management practices and associated factors among healthcare workers in Vijayapur, Karnataka

Background: Biomedical waste management (BMWM) is essential for preventing the spread of infections, protecting public health, and minimizing environmental contamination. Despite regulations in India, improper handling remains a concern, particularly in healthcare facilities. Objectives: To assess biomedical waste management practices and associated factors among healthcare workers at RKM Hospital and private laboratories in Vijayapur, Karnataka. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 involving 100 healthcare workers selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and observational checklists. The data were cleaned, coded, and analyzed using Epi-Data version 4.6 and SPSS version 20. Logistic regression analysis was performed, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: The study included 100 respondents, 60% of whom were male and 44% aged under 25 years. About 90% received BMWM training, and 97% had access to color-coded bins. Compliance rates for glove usage, waste segregation, and hand hygiene were 94%, 96%, and 98%, respectively. However, 32% reported delays in disposing of infectious waste. Conclusion: Education, training, and infrastructure significantly influence BMWM practices. Addressing delays in waste disposal, enhancing guideline availability, and improving working conditions are crucial for effective BMWM.