Approche sociologique des crises socio-sanitaires et leurs gestions à Abidjan : Cas de l’ébola et de la covid-19

This text reports on the perceptions and social practices developed by the populations of Abidjan in the face of ebola and covid-19. These two diseases have generated almost similar public health problems, given the speed of their lethality. Hence, they are designated as socio-health crises characterized by disastrous consequences for sustainable human development. These two pandemics have led to economic, professional, cultural crises, etc., negatively influencing the social activities of Abidjan residents. In this logic, the various ways of managing these pathologies represent sources of conflict between the State and the populations. This study thus analyzes the methods of managing these scourges from a qualifying approach. Documentary research followed by semi-structured interviews carried out with privileged witnesses (twenty-seven) made it possible to produce data to translate the explanatory factors of the populations’ perceptions and social practices. The information collected was transcribed and then processed according to qualitative analysis. The results reveal an influence of the dissociation of lifestyle habits of the populations of Abidjan on the process of hygienic management of ebola and covid-19. This results in a reduction in socio-economic resources and differentiated socio-health relationships in relation to the management of other conditions within communities. Observations, effective management of the two pathologies and their corollary effects require a reconstruction of previous perceptions and social practices. Hence, the necessary state management based on collaboration with populations to promote collective health awareness.