A076: Effects of Different Exercise Styles on Blood Biomarkers in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Meta-Analysis

Purpose: Exercise is one of the most important ways to improve sarcopenia, while the effects of different styles on the blood biomarkers of patients are still unclear. This meta-analysis investigated the effects of different exercise styles on several blood biomarkers in older adults with sarcopenia to better understand the relationship between them. Methods: The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP database for Chinese technical periodical (VIP), Pubmed, EBSCO and Web of Science databases were searched using terms to exercise, sarcopenia, serum and plasma up to September 2023. Data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 using fixed- and random-effects models based on the heterogeneity of the studies to estimate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The systematic search was conducted for 1539 studies, of which 9 studies were included in meta-analyses for six blood biomarkers, involving a total of 413 older adults with sarcopenia (mean age 63.6 ± 5.2 to 81.4 ± 4.3). Results showed that compared with the control group, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was significantly improved with single (SMD[95%CI] = 0.39[0.10, 0.68], p = 0.007, I2 = 45%) and combined (SMD[95%CI] = 0.72[0.23, 1.20], p = 0.004, I2 = 0%) exercise styles. There were no changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6) with single (SMD[95%CI] = 0.14[-0.16, 0.45], p = 0.35, I2 = 0%) and combined (SMD[95%CI] = 0.21[-0.16, 0.59], p = 0.26, I2 = 0%) exercise styles. Similarly, the two exercise styles had no effects on triglyceride (SMD[95%CI] = -0.33[-1.20, 0.54], p = 0.46, I2 = 66%) (SMD[95%CI] = 0.04[-0.32, 0.40], p = 0.82, I2 = 0%). Growth hormone (GH) (SMD[95%CI] = 0.34[-0.18, 0.86], p = 0.20, I2 = 0%) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (SMD[95%CI] = 0.33[-0.09, 0.75], p = 0.12, I2 = 40%) were not changed after single exercise style. Hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (SMD[95%CI] = 0.05[-0.30, 0.41], p = 0.77, I2 = 0%) was not changed after combined exercise style. Conclusion: Among the six blood biomarkers evaluated in this meta-analysis, only IGF-1 level was significantly improved with exercise, and there was no difference observed with the other biomarkers. Additional studies are needed to explain the effects of exercise on blood biomarkers in older adults with sarcopenia.