Енергетична безпека України та світу: оцінка наслідків впливу російсько-української війни та прогнози трансформації ринку

This article analyses the impact of the russian-Ukrainian war on Ukraine’s and the world’s energy security. It examines the main threats posed by targeted attacks on energy infrastructure, the destruction of production facilities, and damage to energy supply networks and logistics chains. It highlights the scale of losses in the gas, oil and electricity sectors and assesses the prospects for their restoration under wartime conditions. It examines changes in the structure of the energy market, in particular the diversification of gas and electricity supply sources, the growth in the share of renewable energy sources and the search for new suppliers for long-term cooperation. Special attention is paid to international sanctions aimed at limiting the export of russian energy resources and their impact on the global energy market. It analyses the restoration and modernisation of critical infrastructure through international partnerships and innovative technologies. The goal of energy security is to increase the stability of the energy system, reduce dependence on russian resources and strengthen Ukraine’s integration into the European energy space. The article also examines government and international initiatives to restore damaged infrastructure and support sector reforms, particularly those aimed at introducing new technologies in the energy sector. Recommendations for enhancing energy security through the development of alternative energy sources such as wind and solar energy, the introduction of new energy-saving technologies and the strengthening of international cooperation are considered. It also explores potential scenarios for the development of the global energy sector, including «New Momentum», «Accelerated» and «Net Zero», which will determine the future prospects for the entire energy sector and help protect the environment for future generations. In the future, the choice of the most optimal scenario for the development of the energy sector will determine the long-term opportunities for ensuring stability, energy independence and environmental safety not only for Ukraine, but also for the whole world. Joint efforts of the international community and investment in innovative solutions will contribute to the creation of a reliable and secure energy system of the future.