Цифрова ідентичність

In modern life, you need to have access to the Internet and register on websites to exercise your rights and responsibilities, order services, perform work and buy goods. Using government offices, banks, healthcare facilities and other services can be more difficult if you do not have access to the Internet. It can also lead to poorer communication and access to information. This changes the perception of a person as a subject of civil legal relations via the Internet, who exists in both the real and virtual worlds. Thus, to fully participate in society, everyone must have access to the Internet. This underscores the importance of infrastructure and cybersecurity to protect the security and privacy of users. ‘Digital identity’ is emerging online. In order to define one’s virtual capabilities and limitations, digital identity is vital for modern human communication. To prevent threats and abuse, digital identity must be secure and confidential. As a social phenomenon, online identity defines a person’s social presentation both online and offline. The Internet started as an information and knowledge platform, but it has now evolved into a social and communication platform thanks to digital technologies. Digital identity is formed through digital contact and digital self-presentation. A person is constantly being individualised by variables related to information and interpersonal communications. Social media facilitates personal fulfilment and gives people the impression that they are involved in important processes. This can lead to an increased influence of digital identity on personality formation and requires new standards of social media ethics. Although there are many draft laws in the IT sector in Ukraine, all of them are aimed at improving the existing legal framework, for example: draft law No. 2849, which guarantees the human right to access the Internet; draft law No. 4047, which obliges online retailers to be responsible for defective goods; and draft law No. 4049, which prohibits the dissemination of information that violates personal non-property rights on the Internet. A person’s online activities, social media profiles and ratings determine their digital status. This can harm a person’s reputation and opportunities in the modern world. The world is struggling with gender-based cyberviolence as it threatens online safety and well-being. Public awareness and prevention are needed to address this issue. The illegal use of personal data on social media violates the honour, dignity and commercial reputation of people. Among other violations on social media, it is a violation of morality, law and ethics of online communication. Therefore, effective legislation, legal awareness of users and support from the IT sector are essential to protect individuals on social media. These safeguards, in our opinion, sufficiently protect social media users. This guarantees the security and confidentiality of the information entered by platform members. Personal non-property rights on social media can also be protected out of court. Digitalisation means that non-pecuniary damage caused by infringement of intellectual property rights should be compensated on a general basis, with the exception of suffering and distress similar to real mental anguish. Harassment in real life is worse than through information technology. In our opinion, part 2 of Article 23 of the Civil Code of Ukraine should be supplemented. Part 2 – Compensation for non-pecuniary damage Non-pecuniary damage includes physical pain and suffering associated with injury or other damage to health, as well as mental suffering caused by criminal acts against a person, his or her family or close relatives. 3) mental and physical suffering associated with unlawful behaviour towards a person, his/her family or close relatives through information technology; 4) mental suffering associated with loss or damage to property; 5) humiliation of honour, dignity and business reputation of a person.