Захист прав дитини в умовах воєнних конфліктів: міжнародний досвід та Українські реалії

The article examines the problem of violation of children’s rights during armed aggression and analyzes international experience in protecting children in crisis conditions. The experience of countries facing military conflicts, such as Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan, shows the importance of organizing humanitarian corridors, evacuating children from the war zone to safe places for further stay, ensuring access to education through mobile training centers, as well as providing psychological, social support and medical care. In particular, the role and capabilities of international organizations, such as the UN and the Red Cross, which, despite their great potential, have proven to be limited in their influence in Ukraine due to the difficulty of access to hotspots and the lack of rapid response mechanisms, are considered. The article also emphasizes the importance of adapting these practices to Ukrainian realities and strengthening cooperation between the state, international organizations and non-governmental initiatives in order to more effectively protect children’s rights to life, education and psychological rehabilitation in wartime. The article also highlights the specific challenges faced by Ukraine in the context of war, particularly the violations of children’s rights to a safe life, education, and access to medical services. In particular, it emphasizes the importance of creating conditions for the continuation of education amid active hostilities, as well as the necessity of providing psychological support to children who have experienced the traumas of war. At the same time, it underscores that while international experience and methods of ensuring children’s rights during armed conflicts are important, their effectiveness depends on the rapid adaptation to the realities of the specific country and effective coordination between state and international organizations. The implementation of these practices in Ukraine can significantly improve the situation regarding the protection of children’s rights and ensure their safety and well-being in a state of war. It is important to strengthen national legislation and mechanisms for monitoring compliance with children’s rights, which will enable Ukraine to respond more effectively to violations of rights and protect the interests of children even in the most challenging conditions of wartime.