Експериментальна оцінка ефективності застосування СО2 на карагеніновій моделі запалення: нові перспективи в лікуванні остеоартриту

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that leads to pain and limited mobility. Inflammation is a key pathogenetic factor in OA, which is accompanied by the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines. One of the most promising methods of treating inflammation is carboxytherapy (CO2), which has low toxicity and physiological safety, but its interaction with other anti-inflammatory drugs is not well understood. Objective. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of CO2 in animal models of carrageenan inflammation and to study its combined use with diclofenac and chondroitin. Methods. The study was conducted on 56 Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into 7 groups. Inflammation was modelled by injecting carrageenan into the limb of the animals. Prophylactic injections of anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, chondroitin) were performed intraperitoneally and CO2 subcutaneously one hour later. The size of the edema was analysed 1, 2, 3 and 5 hours after the injection. The rectal temperature of the animals was also measured to determine the overall inflammation. Results. One hour after the administration of carrageenan, the volume of the limb in group VII decreased to (0.429 ± 0.020) ml (p < 0.001), and in group VI — to (0.441 ± 0.017) ml (p < 0.001). After 2 hours, the maximum decrease in limb edema was observed in group VII — (0.491 ± 0.017) ml (by 52 %, p < 0.001), and in group VI — (0.495 ± 0.012) ml (by 38 %, p < 0.001). After 5 hours, the size of the limb edema in group VI decreased to (0.559 ± 0.030) ml (by 51 %, p < 0.001), and in group VII — to (0.571 ± 0.016) ml (by 46 %, p < 0.001). Rectal temperature in group VI decreased to (37.7 ± 0.3) °C (by 1.5 °C, p < 0.001), and in group VII — to (38.3 ± 0.2) °C (by 0.9 °C, p < 0.001). Conclusions. Carboxytherapy has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, which is manifested in the reduction of edema and temperature, especially when combined with diclofenac or chondroitin. Further research may be aimed at studying the possible mechanisms of the positive effect of CO2, optimising therapeutic regimens and determining the long-term effects of carboxytherapy.