Аналіз міжнародних договорів та нормативно-правових актів України, що регулюють порядок поводження з військовополоненими

The legal regulation of handling prisoners of war in Ukraine requires continuous study and improvement. Handling prisoners of war, including escorting, guarding, and ensuring their rights, is carried out by central and local executive authorities, other state bodies, local self-government bodies, military formations established under Ukrainian law, law enforcement agencies, and public associations. The Ukrainian Defense Forces should be highlighted as a key entity at the stage from capturing a prisoner of war to transferring them to camps (detention areas) for prisoners of war. According to reports by the UN Monitoring Mission, Ukraine generally meets international standards regarding the conditions of detention for Russian prisoners of war in camps. However, instances of mistreatment, particularly during the initial stages of capture, have been noted. In this regard, Ukraine is encouraged to take the mission’s conclusions into account, communicate them to the personnel of the Defense Forces, and align its regulatory framework with international humanitarian law. The study examined legal acts defining the rights of prisoners of war, the responsibilities of central and local executive authorities, other state bodies, local self-government bodies, military formations established under Ukrainian law, law enforcement agencies, and public associations. It also analyzed the conditions of detention for prisoners of war and mechanisms to ensure their protection and security. Special attention was given to the analysis of the compliance of national legislation with international legal standards, particularly the provisions of the Third Geneva Convention on the Treatment of Prisoners of War of August 12, 1949, which Ukraine signed on December 12, 1949, and Additional Protocol No 1 of 1977 to the convention. The conducted analysis of legal acts confirms the importance of strictly adhering to the regulation of human rights in armed conflict situations, emphasizing the need to update and continuously improve the national legal framework in the field of military law. The study concludes that enhancing the effectiveness of Ukraine’s state bodies requires implementing modern management standards, training personnel, and strengthening control over compliance with regulatory requirements.