Анализ производительности автономных солнечных электростанций с применением программного пакета PVsyst в условиях южных регионов Республики Таджикистан

The article considers the problem of insufficient use of solar potential in the southern regions of the Republic of Tajikistan, where limited access to centralised energy supply negatively affects the quality of life of the population. The main objective of the study is to analyse the performance of autonomous solar power plants for these remote regions with a focus on assessing the impact of climatic factors and equipment parameters on the efficiency of electricity generation. The methodological basis of the study includes modelling the operation of solar energy systems using the PVsyst software package. The software modelling allows taking into account key parameters such as solar radiation level, PV panel tilt angle, shading and temperature fluctuations. Based on the analysis of load data and daily electricity consumption, the parameters of PV modules, batteries and controllers were determined and optimised. The simulation results showed that with an installed system capacity of 13.68 kW, the energy demand coverage ratio reaches 100 % and the system efficiency is 13.57 %. Graphical and tabular data show the monthly distribution of generation and energy losses due to the climatic peculiarities of the region and the technical characteristics of the system. The conclusions of the study emphasise the need to select quality equipment and optimise design parameters to ensure high efficiency of autonomous solar power plants in conditions of remoteness from centralised power grids and significant solar resources. In addition, the obtained results can serve as a basis for the development of effective recommendations for the design and implementation of solar energy systems in the southern regions of Tajikistan, which will contribute to the improvement of energy security and sustainability of energy supply in these territories