До питання щодо виникнення автоколивань різця металорізального верстату

For modern mechanical engineering, the issue of strength and vibration resistance of various parts of the system is important: machine tool, device, tool, workpiece. In particular, taking into account the variety of tools used in turning, it is important to coordinate the parameters of the cutter and the cutting mode, which will ensure the absence of self-oscillations. As long as the movement of the cutter of the lathe was considered as the movement of a body with one degree of freedom, there were no explanations for the self-oscillation of this cutter. In this work, the occurrence of these fluctuations is explained by the theory of Tlustoy – Kudynov. The cutter is replaced by a dynamic model with two degrees of freedom, the elastic properties of which are equivalent to the properties of two mutually perpendicular springs located along the main stiffness axes. The cutting force is considered to be linearly dependent on the thickness of the chip being removed, the proportionality factor is the coefficient of specific resistance to cutting. Using Lagrange equations of the second kind, the differential equations of the movement of the incisor were compiled, and the coordinates of the center of gravity of the incisor along the main axes of rigidity were chosen as generalized coordinates. When finding the solution of the differential equations of motion, the characteristic quadratic equation is obtained. According to the sign of the discriminant of this equation, the possibility of self-oscillations of the cutter is revealed. A block diagram of the calculation algorithm for determining a stable cutting process during turning is given. An example of rough longitudinal turning of a workpiece with pass-through boring cutters with plates is considered. Processing material is structural steel. Feed and depth of cut were changed. The method of selecting a set of parameters of the technological process, in which there are no self-oscillations of the tool, de-scribed in the work, can be useful for students, graduate students and engineers engaged in the design and operation of lathes