ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЗАХИСТ ГІДРОСФЕРИ: КОАГУЛЯЦІЙНЕ ОЧИЩЕННЯ ТРАНСПОРТЕРНО-МИЙНОЇ ВОДИ ЦУКРОВИХ ЗАВОДІВ

The sugar industry is one of the water-intensive industries, producing a large amount of wastewater. These flows are divided into three categories. A feature of category 2 wastewater is a significant amount of suspended solids, organic and inorganic impurities. Such wastewater is cleaned and used in recirculating systems. Often, the degree of wastewater treatment does not meet technological requirements. This leads to the gradual accumulation of pollutants, the activation of the development of microorganisms. The consequence is the deterioration of the quality of beets. Therefore, the research of effective physico-chemical methods of wastewater treatment is relevant. They must ensure the necessary efficiency of cleaning and clarifying water, freeing from microorganisms, reducing foaming. This will reduce the specific consumption of fresh water of the plant and the amount of effluents, which will have a positive effect on the state of the hydrosphere. The purpose of the work is to study the physical and chemical treatment of transporter and washing water of a sugar enterprise. The task of the work is to study the parameters of sewage treatment with aluminum salts, to determine the efficiency of the treatment, the degree of removal of microorganisms, and the effect on foaming. Initial parameters of effluents: suspended solids 4900 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand 3600 mg O2/L, optical density 0.766 units, pH 7.18. Aluminum salts were used: aluminum dihydroxosulfate, aluminum hydroxochloride, aluminum sulfate in amounts of 0.01 and 0.1% by weight of water. The use of basic aluminum salts (aluminum dihydroxosulfate, aluminum hydroxochloride) ensures high cleaning efficiency: according to chemical oxygen demand up to 52.78 and 49.72 %, respectively; by suspended substances up to 92.61 and 91.12 %, respectively. A significant discoloration of wastewater is also observed (by 78.46 and 78.07 %, respectively). Conditions are created to reduce the foaming of effluents. The significant effectiveness of removing microorganisms from wastewater when using basic aluminum salts has also been proven: from 66.3 to 85.1 %, depending on the type of microorganisms.