The Role of Churches in Enhancing Cancer Screening Adherence: A Focus on Faith-Based Health Literacy Among African American Women

Background: It is estimated that cancer is the second leading cause of death for African American women in the United States. One study revealed that Black women have a 1 in 3 chance of developing cancer with a 1 in 6 chance of mortality. Research has shown a lower breast cancer screening adherence among women in cultural minorities and faith-based communities. The importance of spirituality and religion as an influential factor on Black community members’ beliefs about health and medicine must be considered as churches are pillars of social support within Black American communities. Methods: A search for studies about the involvement of churches in cancer screening and education was conducted and 47 articles were identified through PubMed. Selection criteria included African American women, cancer screenings, and the role of the church in health literacy. Ten studies were selected and reviewed to identify common trends. Results: This review revealed that peer health education and community health workers, especially when associated with churches, had a positive impact on African American women’s perspective of cancer screening. These interventions are associated with increased screening adherence. Programs tailored to a specific community and delivered via faith-based communities are effective in improving health literacy. Conclusion: Churches are a source of trusted social support that can serve as an avenue for improving cancer knowledge. Additional support is necessary to maintain programs that facilitate communication about health education. Further research is needed to determine the most effective utilization of churches to support cancer prevention, screening, and care.