A review of artificial intelligence applications in mobile communication networks from the perspective of the OSI-RM

Artificial intelligence (AI), with its powerful capabilities in reasoning, learning, and self-correction, has become a key technology for addressing complex problems and is widely applied in cutting-edge scientific and technological fields. As the core infrastructure of modern information society, mobile communication networks face increasing challenges in their construction, management, and optimization due to their complexity. The open systems interconnection reference model (OSI-RM), with its layered structure, enables the modularization and standardization of network functions, providing a fundamental theoretical framework for the design and implementation of mobile communication networks and guiding the interoperability of multiple-protocols and multi-device systems. From the perspective of OSI-RM, the current applications of AI technologies across different layers of mobile communication networks were systematically reviewed, and the roles of AI in addressing complex issues in mobile communication networks were analyzed. Furthermore, it was highlighted that some AI technologies demonstrated potential for cross-layer applications, breaking the limitations of single-layer approaches, and offering new directions for advancing the research and application of AI in mobile communication networks.