L’accès à l’eau potable et à la nourriture saine, un défi indeniable de l’Etat : cas de la région Analanjirofo

This article aims to identify the original variables and conditions making it possible to optimize the State’s challenge of access to drinking water and healthy food in rural areas. This study was carried out in the Analanjirofo Region of Madagascar, in the year 2022. 450 peasant farmers were taken as samples. Then discussions were held with officials from the regional directorate in charge of water and the regional nutrition office. The data obtained were processed with statistical tests using SPSS software. The results show that 79.1% of households still seek water from a river, water classified as categorically unsanitary. 58% of households live in conditions of seasonal malnutrition. During the lean season, they only eat twice a day, consuming less than a kilo of rice per household of 5 people on average. A correlation analysis by chi-square test shows that access to drinking water and food depends on income, climate and state subsidies. The 40% of respondents had on average an income bracket between 100,000 to 200,000 Ariary. With this level, they are largely unable to meet their subsistence needs. In short, to push this limit, the State would have to double or even triple its annual effort so that a household would have a source of water and a household would be well fed.