Точне землеробство як аграрно-правова категорія: ґенеза розвитку і правові проблеми визначення в Україні та світі

The article analyzes the genesis of the development of precision farming and the regulatory normalization of relations in this field in Ukraine and in the world. The author notes that the first scientific studies in the field of precision agriculture began in the 1920s as recommendations for the analysis of soil data. The availability of GPS for agriculture became the basis for the development of precision agriculture and the acceleration of all its processes. The author emphasizes at the beginning of the development of precision agriculture, various applications of nutrients and pesticides were allowed, but there was no deep understanding of how soil fertility and pests change in space and time. There was also a lack of explanations of what specifically causes this variability, thus the first definitions of the concept of “precision agriculture” were general. It is noted that the first regulatory acts in the field of precision agriculture were developed in 1998 in the USA, which influenced the development of technology in the world. The article examines the scientific approaches of both foreign and Ukrainian scientists to the concept of «precision agriculture» as one of the adaptive forms of agricultural production, based on the principles of sustainable development of agricultural production and the agrosphere as a whole. The author concludes that the most appropriate is to use the construction «precision agriculture», which corresponds to the essence of the original English-language concept of «precision agriculture». The categories «precision farming» and «precision agriculture» are identical and can be used as synonyms. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine in the field of precision agriculture. The current legislation of Ukraine in the field of precision agriculture is currently declarative and framework. The concept of «digital agriculture», which is used in the current legislation, does not correspond to the essence of the concept of «precision farming» and cannot be used to characterize it. Based on the analysis, the author formulated his own definition of «precision farming» as an agrarian and legal category.