In Vitro Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes from Young leave base

Callus initiation and regeneration of plantlets in wheat can be held by different types of explants. Monocots are less responsive to in vitro regeneration, partly due to the fact that in cereals cells and immature or young tissues can respond efficiently to regeneration. Young leave base of three wheat genotypes were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of 2, 4-D for callus induction, 1.0 mg/l Kinetin for shoot regeneration and half strength MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l indole-3- butyric acid (IBA) for root regeneration. In vitro culture response of the genotypes varied from each other and was influenced by the genotypes. Among the genotypes G3 had the highest callusing ability (66.67%) followed by G1 (50.95%). Similarly G3 had the highest shoot and root regeneration frequency of 65.63 % and 86.11 % respectively. Overall, G3 had the highest callus induction, shoot and root regeneration capacity; therefor G3 is a best for transformation. Keywords: Callus, Bread wheat, In vitro, Regeneration. DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/16-2-04 Publication date: July 30th 2025