Risk Management in Energy Storage Using Lithium-ion Batteries: Emerging Risks Associated with Bess Systems

Starting from the evaluation and management criteria typically used for quantitative risk, extensively employed, primarily for the so-called "risk industrial” and by employing the preliminary hazard analysis techniques most widely used, it was possible to provide an overview of potential industrial safety and environmental risks that can be associated with Lithium-ion Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) units including indirect and domino effects. In particular, a bow-tie analysis has been developed considering a typical BESS installation and, among the credible scenarios evaluated, two of them are presented: the oil-filled transformer fire scenario and the explosion inside the BESS. Work focused on safety aspects while results showed that environment assessment should be put in place to deal with the potential impacts, especially those coming from safety scenarios in terms of firewater on the soil and off-gases dispersion.