Religion and constitutional duties of man: from historical origins to modern legal conflicts

The article examines the complex interaction between religious beliefs of citizens and their constitutional obligations in the conditions of a modern democratic society. The historical influence of religious norms on the formation of legal systems, in particular the institution of human obligations, is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the Christian tradition as one of the most widespread religious systems that has influenced European legal culture. The structural similarity between religious commandments and constitutional obligations is revealed, which is manifested in the presence of both positive and negative obligations. At the same time, fundamental differences between religious and legal norms are identified, which create the prerequisites for potential conflicts in a pluralistic society. Religious norms are characterized by the confessional nature of action and cover the inner world of a person, while legal norms have a universal territorial nature and regulate exclusively external behavior. The need to develop a balanced approach that would ensure compliance with the principle of freedom of conscience and the fulfillment of constitutional duties by all citizens regardless of their religious beliefs is substantiated.