Evaluation of National Musculoskeletal Health Policy in the United Kingdom:A Policy Analysis & Thematic Synthesis

Introduction &amp; Aim: Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are a leading contributor to disability, significantly burdening healthcare systems. Recognised as a public health priority by Public Health England, innovative, integrated, and equity-focused strategies are essential. This study evaluates UK national MSK health policies to identify opportunities for sustainable improvements in healthcare delivery.<br/>Methods: A systematic search, guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s policy mapping framework, reviewed CINAHL-Ultimate, Overton, and key government websites for UK policy documents (2016–2025). Data were analysed and triangulated through Braun &amp; Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis and Walt &amp; Gilson's Policy Analysis Triangle to explore policy content, context, actors and processes.<br/>Results: Of 6,511 documents reviewed, five met the inclusion criteria. Six key themes emerged: Prevention, Integrated and Person-Centred Care, Equity, Workforce Development and Collaboration, Digital Innovation, and Systemic Challenges. Prevention featured predominantly, emphasising patient empowerment, self-management and integration into public health strategies. Workforce capacity building was prioritised to address regional disparities. However, policies demonstrated limited integration of MSK agendas in rehabilitation and pain management, and prioritised system strengthening at the expense of patient-centred outcomes. A disproportionate focus on 'content' over 'process' was noted, with minimal attention to implementation pathways.<br/>Conclusion: This study highlights critical gaps in UK MSK health policies, particularly the lack of robust implementation strategies to achieve local impact. The findings underscore the need for clear, actionable frameworks that prioritise equitable, patient-centred outcomes and address regional disparities. These insights provide a foundation for refining policy development and implementation to advance sustainable MSK care in the UK.<br/>