Examining Veterinary Pharmaceutical Occurrence in Urban Freshwater Bodies: A Case Study of Dog Beaches along Lake Michigan

Pharmaceuticals are one of many emerging contaminants in freshwater bodies that threaten the health of aquatic ecosystems. This research investigates dogs as a source of veterinary medicine pollutants that jeopardize the health of these ecosystems. The study focuses on three chemicals found in two commonly prescribed dog medications and their potential presence in areas with differing levels of dog activity. Analysis will include pre-established techniques utilizing solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS). This research aims to enhance understanding of this emerging issue and to inform future efforts to protect and manage the health of freshwater resources.