The Dual Role of AI: How Functional and Relational AI Shape Attitudes and Preferences

Abstract This study investigates how the functional and relational use of AI influences user attitudes and its long-term effects on human-to-human interactions. Drawing on the Computers as Social Actors (CASA) Theory, we explore how repeated interactions with AI impacts productivity and well-being, which in turn foster positive attitudes that lead to a preference for AI. Additionally, the moderating roles of personality traits, including conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism, are examined. This study offers insights into AI’s evolving role as both a tool and a social actor, highlighting the mechanisms that drive human-AI relationships. Keywords: Functional AI, Relational AI, Attitude, Productivity, Well-being, Preference for AI.