Developing Design Principles for VR Training Systems in Industrial Assembly and Maintenance

The growing complexity of industrial assembly and maintenance tasks necessitates advanced operator skills that cannot be effectively and efficiently taught using traditional training methods. Virtual reality (VR) training systems have the potential to revolutionize this training process by providing realistic, safe, and cost-effective learning environments. The lack of standardized design knowledge, however, poses a barrier to the widespread adoption of VR in industry. This paper aims to address this gap by developing five meta requirements and eleven design principles for implementing VR training systems in the context of industrial domain. These findings are theoretically grounded on a systematic literature review, which provides a robust knowledge foundation. The proposed design principles enhance the existing information systems knowledge base and offer practical guidance for practitioners. Consequently, these principles empower practitioners to fully utilize VR training methods, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional training.