Control Mechanisms and User Experience: A UTAUT-Based Analysis of E-Government Services in Ghana

This study investigates how formal, informal, and technological control mechanisms shape user experience and behavioral intentions in Ghana’s e-government services through the UTAUT framework. Using a convergent parallel mixed-methods approach, it identifies how these mechanisms moderate relationships between UTAUT constructs (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions) and adoption. Findings reveal demographic-specific preferences tied to age, education, and digital literacy, emphasizing the need to balance security with user-centric design. The research offers adaptive guidelines to optimize control mechanisms, enhance user experience, and promote equitable e-government adoption, addressing gaps in contextualized strategies for digital public services in Ghana