Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples at Bac Ninh Provincial General Hospital, Vietnam

Nguyen Van An,1 Hai Thi Nguyen,2 Van Nguyen Le,1 Ha Thi Thu Van,1 Nguyen Minh Hai,1 Vu Huy Luong,3,4 Vinh Thi Ha Nguyen,4,5 Hoa Quynh Pham,6 Hung Van Le,4,6 Dinh Viet Hung,7 Hoang Trung Kien,8 Minh Nhat Le,9,10 Nguyen Hoang Viet,11 Luong Cong Thuc,12 Ta Ba Thang,13 Tran Viet Tien,14 Le Huy Hoang,15 Nguyen Thuy Tram,15 Tuan Dinh Le,16 Nguyen Tien Son,16 Hai Ha Long Le17,18 1Department of Microbiology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 2Department of Central Laboratory, Bac Ninh Provincial General Hospital, Bac Ninh, Vietnam; 3Department of Laser and Skincare, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi, Vietnam; 4Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 5Department of General Planning, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi, Vietnam; 6Department of Microbiology, Mycology and Parasitology, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi, Vietnam; 7Department of Psychiatry, Military Medical 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 8Department of Immunology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 9Tay Nguyen Institute of Science Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam; 10Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan; 11Molecular Pathology Department, Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 12Cardiovascular Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 13Respiratory Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 14Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 15Department of Bacteriology, National of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam; 16Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 17Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 18Department of Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi, VietnamCorrespondence: Hai Ha Long Le, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam, Tel +84978520055, Email [email protected]: Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain, can become resistant to all classes of clinically available antibiotics and causes skin infections and severe infections in the lungs, heart, and bloodstream. The study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and MRSA exhibiting multidrug resistance obtained through a microbiological culture of clinical specimens at Bac Ninh Provincial General Hospital in Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam.Methods: We employed a cross-sectional analysis at Bac Ninh Provincial General Hospital in Vietnam. 15,232 clinical samples from inpatients were examined. S. aureus isolates were identified using established protocols and tested for MRSA and antibiotic susceptibility. Data was analyzed using R software, with statistical calculations to assess associations between variables.Results: Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 417 samples (2.7%), with 77.2% being MRSA and 22.8% methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Significant sources of MRSA were wounds (64.6%) and the surgical unit (50%) according to sample types and hospital wards, respectively. S. aureus showed high resistance rates, the highest being azithromycin (83.2%), and was fully susceptible to vancomycin. Among 294 multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, the prevalence was 82.0% in MRSA and 18.0% in MSSA.Conclusion: The study highlights widespread antimicrobial resistance among MRSA isolates from a provincial hospital in Vietnam, emphasizing the urgent need for antibiotic surveillance, formulation of antibiotic policies, and preventive measures to tackle the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA.Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotic resistance, MRSA, MDR, Vietnam