Міжнародно-правове регулювання дипломатичного протоколу та етикету: сучасні тенденції та перспективи

The article examines modern trends and prospects for international legal regulation of diplomatic protocol and etiquette. The essence of diplomatic protocol and its components are studied. It has been determined that diplomatic protocol is a centuries-old category that has been formed over a long period of interaction between states at various levels on the basis of mutual respect for different cultures and traditions through the voluntary acceptance of agreed-upon generally accepted rules, procedures, and behavior for effective communication, solving problems and achieving set goals, and maintaining long-term sustainable cooperation and peace for the sake of present and future generations. It is established that etiquette and ceremonial are the components of diplomatic protocol. The main principles of diplomatic protocol are the principle of international courtesy, reciprocity, and protocol seniority. An important legal foundation of diplomatic protocol, the main source of diplomatic law is the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, which establishes the basic principles of diplomatic relations and interaction between states. Based on scientific research, the instruments of influence of diplomatic protocol have been identified and studied: determining the level of the meeting, determining the level of the meeting persons, changes in seating arrangements, handshakes between officials, leaving the event hall, official photography. It is proposed to add the timely arrival at the event, the clothing of diplomats to the arsenal of tools. It was concluded that comprehensive generally accepted norms of diplomatic protocol and etiquette, responsibility for violation of such norms are not accepted at the international level. In particular, this concerns the rules regarding clothing, non-verbal gestures, handshakes, timely arrival at an event and leaving it, due to which such traditionally accepted norms are not generally binding. Thus, the consequences of violations of the rules of diplomatic protocol are conditional. It is proposed to adopt at the international level comprehensive rules of diplomatic protocol and etiquette, taking into account the peculiarities of culture, religion, philosophy, traditions, situations in which countries find themselves, for example: martial law, natural disasters and other possible circumstances.