ЗАСАДИ ВІДБУДОВИ ЖИТЛОВИХ УТВОРЕНЬ В СЕРЕДОВИЩІ ІСТОРИЧНИХ МІСТ

In Ukraine, there are more than 400 settlements included in the List of Historic Cities. Many of them have been destroyed and continue to be destroyed by the aggressor. The structure of historical cities is characterized inherited environment. Their ruined buildings require balanced and reasonable approaches to the restoration. The purpose of the article is to formulate the principles of recovery of residential formations in the historical environment of cities. The correct application of methods for resolving contradictions between the historically inherited environment and the need for urban development, and at the same time restoring the expressiveness and individuality of buildings is an important and difficult task of reconstruction. It should be decided on the basis of research of the relevant territory, saturated with various types of cultural heritage objects. The cultural heritage of each country is an inseparable part of the cultural treasury of all mankind. Results: Restoration of the historical environment first of all requires the identification of the historical area – the territory in the city system, which is characterized by the inherited system. Protected values include the configuration of the planning structure, spatial relations, the form and outlook of the building, the main functions acquired in the process of historical development of the city. It is proposed to consider completely destroyed architectural monuments as memorials that will reflect the tragic memory of the place and society. Conclusions: While restoring the housing development within its historical areas, we must functionally adapt it to modern life. At the same time its continuous development must be ensured and the parameters of the historically inherited spatial framework must be maintained.