Роль вродженого імунітету в патогенезі псоріазу

Objective — to investigate immunohistochemical changes in the skin of patients with psoriasis. Materials and methods. An immunohistochemical study of biopsy material taken from areas of psoriatic skin rash and intact skin in patients with psoriasis was conducted. In addition, to compare the results of the corresponding immunohistochemical researches, a study of biopsy material from the skin of the anterior abdominal wall in practically healthy individuals of the corresponding age (5 patients) was conducted, taken after surgery, in particular, hernioplasty. To determine the nature and prevalence of local cellular immune and inflammatory reactions in the skin of patients with psoriasis, immunohistochemical methods were used with determination of the expression of immune inflammation markers. The obtained immunohistochemical preparations were analyzed using an Olympus BX 51 microscope, an Olympus C 5050 Z digital camera, and Olympus DP­Soft software. Immunohistochemical studies were performed at the Institute of Pathology, Carl Thiem Klinikum (Academic School of Charité, Cottbus, Germany). Results and discussion. Analysis of the immunohistochemical study results of biopsy specimens from psoriatic skin lesions and unaffected skin areas in patients with psoriasis revealed alterations in the immunohistochemical expression of pro­inflammatory biological markers. These changes were observed both in psoriatic skin lesions and in unaffected skin regions. The findings of the study highlight the significant role of immune­competent cell activation in the pathogenesis of the psoriatic skin process. Conclusions. It has been demonstrated that one of the mechanisms of exacerbating inflammatory responses in patients with psoriasis is the activation of immune­competent cells, particularly through TL receptors. Further in­depth studies of immunohistochemical changes in pro­inflammatory biological markers in the skin of psoriasis patients will contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of the psoriatic process.