Біопрепарати в Україні та світі: сучасні тренди та перспективи

Biopreparations are environmentally safe means of plant protection and an indisputable alternative to pesticides and agrochemicals. The sector of biological preparations where the active agent is microorganisms (bacteria, micromycetes, streptomycetes) is the largest and accounts for more than 60%. More than 500 companies from the USA, the European Union, China, India, etc. are the world leaders in the production of biological preparations. The most famous leaders of biological preparations are BASF SE, Syngenta AG, Bayer AG, UPL, Corteva Agriscience and many others. In 2023, the global market for biological preparations was 5.23 billion US dollars, by 2032 it is predicted to grow at the level of 20.4 billion dollars. In today’s conditions, 24 bioenterprises operate in Ukraine, which offer domestic agricultural producers more than 38 biopreparations of various effects. In recent years, Ukrainian market of biological preparations has undergone significant changes, the share of demand for inoculants (nitrogen fixers) decreased from 65% to 27.2% in favor of biofungicides, where interest increased from 27% to 63.5%. An equally important characteristic of a biological preparation for manufacturers is the method of introduction into the agroecosystem. The most popular are biological preparations for foliar treatment in the form of a spray — 64%, treatment of presowing material (seeds) — 23, introduction into the soil — 10, destructors and preparations for storing the crop no more than 3%. No less important is the preparation form of the biological preparation, which affects the method of application, shelf life and compatibility with other drugs. On the market, the most offers are liquid and in the form of a suspension of biological preparations — more than 60%, powder (dry form) — 30, granular — less than 10%. Degradation of 33% of the soil in the world, environmental pollution, emergence of resistant pests and diseases of agricultural crops, constantly growing population and shortage of ecologically safe food resources for mankind contribute not only to the popularization of biological preparations, but also make them an undoubted trend for agricultural producers. All this is related to the advantages of biological preparations, namely, high biological activity to the selected target, absence of aftereffects and a waiting period from processing to harvesting, phytotoxicity, emergence of resistance to pests and phytopathogens, safety for warmblooded animals and humans, cost effectiveness.